Indian J Clin Anaesth

The indispensable human author: Integrating large language models in anesthesiology research with accountability

Author details: Lalit Gupta, Devang Bharti

Indian Journal of Clinical Anaesthesia. 12(4):564-566, 2025.

DOI: 10.18231/j.ijca.13617.1760329045

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Maternal cardiac arrest: Current resuscitation strategies and the emerging role of simulation-based training

Author details: Anu Kewlani, Ridhima Sharma, Chayanika Kutum, Ripon Choudhary, Lalit Gupta, Priyanka Shrivastava

Indian Journal of Clinical Anaesthesia. 12(4):567-577, 2025.

DOI: 10.18231/j.ijca.12293.1760328874

Maternal resuscitation during the antenatal period represents a critical and complex clinical challenge, as it involves the simultaneous management of both maternal and foetal well-being. The rarity of maternal cardiac arrest (MCA) combined with physiological changes of pregnancy, such as altered ha....

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A comparison of effect of oral pre-medication with clonidine and metoprolol on intraoperative hemodynamics and surgical conditions during functional endoscopic sinus surgery

Author details: Baseeha Sereen V.A, Swadika Natarajan, Balasubramanian Arunkumar, Shanu Shanmugasundaram, Panneerselvam Periasamy, Arbind Kumar Choudhary

Indian Journal of Clinical Anaesthesia. 12(4):578-587, 2025.

DOI: 10.18231/j.ijca.10098.1758886969

Background: Maintaining hemodynamic stability and minimizing blood loss are critical goals in perioperative care. Clonidine, an α2-adrenergic agonist, and Metoprolol, a selective β1-blocker, are frequently used to modulate cardiovascular responses during surgery. Their comparative efficacy in reduci....

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The contribution of anaesthesia and surgery to global warming: A carbon footprinting study of operating theatres in three different surgical specialties—A prospective observational analysis

Author details: Rangalakshmi Srinivasan, Sowmya Madihalli Janardhan Iyengar, Dilip Kumar M, Harigovindh Adalarasu

Indian Journal of Clinical Anaesthesia. 12(4):588-594, 2025.

DOI: 10.18231/j.ijca.12626.1759485128

Background: Climate change is one of the most pressing global challenges, with significant consequences for public health. As healthcare services are major contributors to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, understanding their carbon footprint is critical in the fight against global warming. This study....

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Simulation-based out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) management training and its impact on knowledge, confidence, attitude, and reactiveness among railway police officers

Author details: Swapnil Rahane, Ravindra HN

Indian Journal of Clinical Anaesthesia. 12(4):595-604, 2025.

DOI: 10.18231/j.ijca.95797.1761888379

Aim: Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is a time-critical emergency with low global survival rates, primarily due to delays in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) initiation. In India, railway police officers frequently serve as first responders in public emergencies but often lack OHCA-specific....

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A randomised controlled trial comparing single site versus two sites administration of costoclavicular blocks under ultrasound guidance for below-elbow procedures

Author details: Shivanika Selvam, Rajesh Kumar Kodali V, Ramkumar Dhanasekaran, Mahesh Vakamudi, Aruna Parameswari

Indian Journal of Clinical Anaesthesia. 12(4):605-611, 2025.

DOI: 10.18231/j.ijca.95836.1761888794

Background: The costoclavicular block has been recently adopted for upper limb procedures. The costoclavicular space is situated within the proximal infraclavicular fossa, where the three cords of the brachial plexus are closely aggregated. This study evaluated single-site and two-site injection str....

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Pericapsular nerve group (PENG) block vs femoral nerve block for pain control during spinal anaesthesia in hip surgeries- A randomized prospective trial

Author details: Logesh Ravichandran, Shanmugavalli Ettiyan, Suresh Rajkumar, Ezhilrajan Vaithiyalingam

Indian Journal of Clinical Anaesthesia. 12(4):612-617, 2025.

DOI: 10.18231/j.ijca.10963.1760344738

Background and Aims: Hip fractures have a high incidence in the elderly population, often requiring surgical intervention under spinal anaesthesia. Achieving optimal patient positioning for this procedure is challenging due to severe pain, and effective analgesia is crucial for its success. This stu....

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Correlation of perfusion index with baseline heart rate and post spinal hypotension in pregnant parturients undergoing lower segment cesarian section: A prospective observational study

Author details: Sandip Narayan Baheti, Perni Tharun Dasarath, Siddharth S Baheti

Indian Journal of Clinical Anaesthesia. 12(4):618-624, 2025.

DOI: 10.18231/j.ijca.10925.1759482773

Background: Post-spinal hypotension is a frequent complication in parturients undergoing lower segment cesarean section (LSCS). Perfusion Index (PI), a non-invasive indicator derived from pulse oximetry, is being explored as a predictor for intraoperative hypotension. This study aimed to evaluate th....

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Association of diaphragmatic ultrasound parameters with preoperative pulmonary function tests and postoperative respiratory complications in patients undergoing major abdominal surgeries: A prospective observational study

Author details: Shreya Khatri, Aarti Agarwal, Sanjay Dhiraaj, Hira Lal, Rajneesh Kumar Singh, Puneet Goyal

Indian Journal of Clinical Anaesthesia. 12(4):625-633, 2025.

DOI: 10.18231/j.ijca.8558.1758876204

Background and Aims: Diaphragmatic dysfunction is an often-overlooked cause of respiratory compromise in postsurgical patients. Point-of-care ultrasonography (USG) is a valuable tool for real-time assessment of diaphragmatic excursion, thickness, and thickening fraction. This study aimed to evaluate....

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Correlation between presepsin, procalcitonin, and c-reactive protein levels with sequential organ failure assessment scores in sepsis patients at the intensive care unit: A prospective observational study

Author details: Novita Anggraeni, Nopian Hidayat, Ricko Yorinda Putra, Dhita Natasha Dwiriyanti Hardi, Fridayenti .

Indian Journal of Clinical Anaesthesia. 12(4):634-640, 2025.

DOI: 10.18231/j.ijca.11977.1758706144

Background: Sepsis is a life-threatening syndrome triggered by infection, frequently resulting in organ dysfunction and high mortality. Biomarkers such as presepsin, procalcitonin (PCT), and C-reactive protein (CRP) have emerged as valuable tools for early diagnosis and prognosis. This study aimed t....

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Dexamethasone and magnesium sulphate as adjuvants to bupivacaine in ultrasound guided subcostal transverse abdominis plane block during laparoscopic cholecystectomy: A prospective randomized comparative study

Author details: Aparna Rayala, Sushma Konduri, Srinivas Upadhyayula, Sachidanand Rachamalla

Indian Journal of Clinical Anaesthesia. 12(4):641-647, 2025.

DOI: 10.18231/j.ijca.76972.1761893071

Background and Aims: Dexamethasone and magnesium sulphate (MgSO4) are commonly used adjuvants to prolong the efficacy of regional nerve blocks. However, their specific effectiveness in subcostal transverse abdominis plane (SCTAP) blocks during laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) remains unclear. This....

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Comparing the efficacy of ondansetron vs palonosetron in the prevention of shivering under spinal anaesthesia in patients undergoing transurethral resection of the prostate

Author details: Renganathan Sockalingam, Indumathy Seeralan, Pavala Kannan Velu, Ganesh Prabhu S C

Indian Journal of Clinical Anaesthesia. 12(4):648-655, 2025.

DOI: 10.18231/j.ijca.10439.1759905202

Background: Shivering is a common postanaesthetic complication that causes metabolic stress and discomfort. Pharmacological management includes 5-HT3 receptor antagonists, such as ondansetron and palonosetron; however, their comparative efficacy is unclear. This study compared the efficacy of ondans....

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A randomized controlled trial comparing conventional versus reverse insertion techniques for i-gel supraglottic airway placement

Author details: Thongam Sheityabala Devi, Saswati Das, Ayesha Pattnaik, Shreyasi Mallick

Indian Journal of Clinical Anaesthesia. 12(4):656-661, 2025.

DOI: 10.18231/j.ijca.11805.1760329284

Background and Aims: Supraglottic airway (SGA) devices are pivotal for airway management and can serve as effective conduits for tracheal intubation. The i-gel® is a commonly used second-generation SGA. While its conventional insertion technique is well-established, a 'reverse' technique has been pr....

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Optimal length of insertion of right subclavian venous catheter via supraclavicular approach: A prospective observational study

Author details: Vipul K Sharma, Avirneni Vaishnavi

Indian Journal of Clinical Anaesthesia. 12(4):662-667, 2025.

DOI: 10.18231/j.ijca.47350.1761895048

Background: Central venous catheterization (CVC) is a routine procedure in perioperative and intensive care. The subclavian vein is frequently selected due to its anatomical consistency and lower infection rates. Although the supraclavicular approach is less common, it offers a straighter course to....

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Comparison of postoperative recovery after opioid-free total intravenous anaesthesia with propofol-ketamine vs. propofol-dexmedetomidine: A ramdomised controlled trial

Author details: Nishant Kumar, Sahir Alam, Maitree Pandey

Indian Journal of Clinical Anaesthesia. 12(4):668-675, 2025.

DOI: 10.18231/j.ijca.13274.1761294930

Background and Aims: Opioid-free anaesthesia (OFA) is an emerging approach in modern anaesthesiology aimed at reducing opioid consumption and its associated side effects. The combination of total intravenous anaesthesia (TIVA) with agents such as propofol, ketamine, and dexmedetomidine has shown pro....

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A prospective randomized interventional study comparing lateral sagittal and costoclavicular approaches for ultrasound-guided infraclavicular brachial plexus block

Author details: Abhijith Rao, Sushil Bhati, Sonali Bhatia, Raman Deep

Indian Journal of Clinical Anaesthesia. 12(4):676-683, 2025.

DOI: 10.18231/j.ijca.22222.1761898004

Background and Aim: Infraclavicular brachial plexus block is a reliable regional anesthesia technique for upper limb surgeries. Among the commonly used approaches, the costoclavicular (CC) and lateral sagittal (LS) techniques target the brachial plexus at distinct anatomical sites, each with specifi....

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Supraclavicular upper trunk block versus interscalene block for clavicle surgery: A prospective observational comparison of block onset and postoperative analgesia

Author details: Archana B N, Aswin M Ullas, Shivakumar G

Indian Journal of Clinical Anaesthesia. 12(4):684-689, 2025.

DOI: 10.18231/j.ijca.10077.1761547049

Background: Effective postoperative analgesia for clavicle surgery is challenging due to the region's complex innervation. The interscalene block (ISB) is a common approach but is associated with phrenic nerve palsy. The supraclavicular upper trunk (SCUT) block is a more targeted alternative that ma....

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A randomized comparison of erector spinae and paravertebral blocks for postoperative analgesia in minimally invasive mitral valve replacement surgery

Author details: Adham Magdy Haggag, Esraa Muhammed Hasan, Galal Adel Elkadi, Mohamed Sidky Mahmoud Zaki, Mona Ahmed Abdelmotaleb Ammar, Islam Abdelaal Abdelmouty Taher

Indian Journal of Clinical Anaesthesia. 12(4):690-699, 2025.

DOI: 10.18231/j.ijca.12893.1761295184

Background and Aims: Optimizing postoperative analgesia is critical for enhancing recovery after cardiac surgery. The thoracic paravertebral plane block (PVPB) is a well-established regional technique, while the erector spinae plane block (ESPB) is a newer fascial plane block that may offer comparab....

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Analgesic effect of perineural dexamethasone on transversus abdominis plane block: A randomised controlled trial at a tertiary hospital in Ghana

Author details: Daniel Akwanfo Yaw Sottie, Ebenezer Owusu Darkwa, George Aryee, Raymond Essuman, Grace-Imelda Obeng Adjei, Robert Djagbletey

Indian Journal of Clinical Anaesthesia. 12(4):700-709, 2025.

DOI: 10.18231/j.ijca.11272.1759482477

Background: Postoperative pain management remains a significant challenge after Caesarean delivery (CD), with many patients experiencing inadequate analgesia despite conventional methods. This is particularly concerning as uncontrolled pain can lead to increased opioid consumption, delayed recovery,....

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Validation of a novel syringe based monitor (AG CUFFILL) for measurement of endotracheal tube cuff pressure in adult patients

Author details: Sowmya Kasa, Madhavi Singh, Siddharth Rampally, Polineni Sahithi Chowdary, R.S. Sachidanand1, Aishwarya Mantri, Shubham Jaju

Indian Journal of Clinical Anaesthesia. 12(4):710-714, 2025.

DOI: 10.18231/j.ijca.13430.1761639831

Background: Accurate measurement of endotracheal tube (ETT) cuff pressure is essential to prevent complications from under- or over-inflation. Conventional aneroid manometers are considered the gold standard but are limited by cost, bulk, and availability. The AG CUFFILL is a novel syringe-based dev....

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Hemodynamic instability associated with flank oblique supine modified lithotomy position in percutaneous nephrolithotomy under general anaesthesia: A case series

Author details: Sathya Narayanan K, Praveen Ramasamy, Om Rajeshkumar, Jethroben Kevin

Indian Journal of Clinical Anaesthesia. 12(4):715-719, 2025.

DOI: 10.18231/j.ijca.91733.1761903302

Supine percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) has certain advantages over prone PCNL like easier surgical access, airway safety and minimal pressure effects that are well documented in the literature, albeit there is less information on cardiovascular benefits. We report a series of significant hypoten....

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Anaesthetic challenges in paediatric reconstructive surgery for obstetric brachial plexus palsy: A retrospective case series

Author details: Sharmila Somayaji, Mohammed Yaqub, Sarah Shahnaz S, Mithun Dharmlingam, Y R Chandrika

Indian Journal of Clinical Anaesthesia. 12(4):720-725, 2025.

DOI: 10.18231/j.ijca.12462.1761131735

Background: Obstetric brachial plexus palsy (OBPP) is an injury to the C5-T1 nerve roots of the brachial plexus due to traction during delivery. While some cases resolve spontaneously, others require surgical intervention. Anaesthetic management in these cases can be challenging, especially in infan....

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Analgesic efficacy of inferior alveolar nerve block for mandibular fracture surgeries: A prospective case series

Author details: Pinal Raj Bumiya, Zeal Pranavkumar Patwari, Divya Gajra, Kavita Lalchandani, Kumud Ganvit, Devyani Jatin Desai

Indian Journal of Clinical Anaesthesia. 12(4):726-731, 2025.

DOI: 10.18231/j.ijca.11556.1760592855

Background: Mandibular fractures are the most common facial bone injuries following road traffic accidents. Open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) of these fractures is associated with significant perioperative pain, which traditionally necessitates high doses of opioids and NSAIDs, leading to....

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Excision of large lipomas using tumescent anaesthesia- A case series of seven patients in a tertiary center

Author details: Naveena Pandiyan, Shanu Shanmugasundaram, Nivetha Chandramouleswaran, Brindha Rathnasabapathy

Indian Journal of Clinical Anaesthesia. 12(4):732-736, 2025.

DOI: 10.18231/j.ijca.10607.1760416186

Lipomas are the most common benign soft tissue tumors. Giant lipomas are generally excised under general anaesthesia because more local anaesthesia than is safe to inject may be required for complete excision. Tumescent anaesthesia is the evolving local anaesthesia technique used in procedures like....

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Anaesthetic management in a sarcoidosis patient undergoing bilateral styloidectomy: A case report

Author details: Iswarya Sankar, Balasubramaniam Gayathri, Gokulakrishnan Chandrasekar

Indian Journal of Clinical Anaesthesia. 12(4):737-741, 2025.

DOI: 10.18231/j.ijca.56593.1761906699

Sarcoidosis is a complex, multi-organ systemic granulomatous disease that presents significant challenges in anaesthetic management. This case report describes the anaesthetic approach for a 32-year-old female patient with sarcoidosis undergoing bilateral styloidectomy. Preoperative pulmonary functi....

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Pain management for interstitial cystitis and its response to superior hypogastric nerve block and pudendal nerve block

Author details: Aparna Bagle, Anushka Sharma, Yashwant Nankar

Indian Journal of Clinical Anaesthesia. 12(4):742-746, 2025.

DOI: 10.18231/j.ijca.82370.1761907453

Background: Interstitial cystitis (IC) presents significant therapeutic challenges due to its complex pathophysiology and variable response to conventional treatments. This case report describes the successful management of refractory IC using a combination of superior hypogastric nerve block and ul....

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Management of hypokalemic periodic paralysis in pregnancy: Anaesthetic considerations for a 34-week gestation patient

Author details: Pon Sushma, Karthik Krishnamoorthy

Indian Journal of Clinical Anaesthesia. 12(4):747-750, 2025.

DOI: 10.18231/j.ijca.10167.1759905020

Hypokalemic periodic paralysis (HypoPP) is a rare autosomal disorder characterized by episodic hypokalemia leading to acute muscle weakness, precipitated by various factors like physical exertion, infection, pregnancy, carbohydrate overload and thyroid abnormalities. We present a successful anesthet....

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High-flow nasal cannula and Kartagener's syndrome in a patient with in vitro fertilization conception

Author details: Shanmugavalli Mariappan, Gopalakrishnan Panneer Selvam, Arimanickam Ganesamoorthi, Gayathri Lakshmipathy, Nirmala Rajagopal

Indian Journal of Clinical Anaesthesia. 12(4):751-753, 2025.

DOI: 10.18231/j.ijca.11100.1759904414

Kartagener's syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by a triad of situs inversus, chronic sinusitis, and bronchiectasis. It is typically diagnosed during childhood and is caused by a defect in the ultrastructure of the microtubules in epithelial ciliated cells, which leads to....

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Anaesthetic management of occipitocervical stabilization and C1–C3 decompression in a patient with intradural cervical tumor and prior stroke: A case report

Author details: Amrapali Naik, Naba Mateen Madoo

Indian Journal of Clinical Anaesthesia. 12(4):754-758, 2025.

DOI: 10.18231/j.ijca.11875.1760331956

Upper cervical spinal surgeries pose significant anaesthetic challenges due to proximity to the brainstem, potential for spinal cord compromise, and the need for advanced airway management. These challenges are further compounded in patients with underlying neurological or pulmonary comorbidities. W....

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Perioperative anaesthetic challenges in paediatric tracheal resection with severe subglottic stenosis

Author details: Shilpa Sarang Kore, Navya KS

Indian Journal of Clinical Anaesthesia. 12(4):759-761, 2025.

DOI: 10.18231/j.ijca.12849.1761909578

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Anaesthetic and surgical management of syndromic craniosynostosis in an infant with Apert syndrome amidst geopolitical constraints

Author details: Srikanth Tanjore, Arvind Sukumaran, Anand Murugesan, Sinduja Vairamuthu, Prethiv Raj Mohan, Varsha Arla, Krishna Kumar Gova, Anitha Arun, Prabakaran Perumal

Indian Journal of Clinical Anaesthesia. 12(4):762-764, 2025.

DOI: 10.18231/j.ijca.18810.1761909897

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A rare cause of intracranial mass lesion: Imaging of brain hydatid cyst

Author details: Swati Vijapurkar, Monica Khetrapal, Gade Sandeep

Indian Journal of Clinical Anaesthesia. 12(4):765-766, 2025.

DOI: 10.18231/j.ijca.11718.1760330011

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