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Prospective observational study on antibiotic sensitivity of endotracheal tip cultures in ICU patients

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Original Article

Author Details : Deepika Khanduja, Ankit Arora, Bhavya Trivedi, Abhay Srivastava*, Vishal Arora

Volume : 12, Issue : 1, Year : 2025

Article Page : 99-104

https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijca.2025.015

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Abstract

Background: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) remains a significant challenge in intensive care units (ICUs), often associated with high mortality rates. Understanding antibiotic resistance patterns is crucial for effective treatment and preventing the spread of resistant pathogens.
Objectives: This study aimed to characterize the demographic profiles of patients with VAP in an ICU setting. Assess the prevalence of various pathogens and their antibiotic resistance patterns. Evaluate the impact of gender, comorbidities, and mechanical ventilation duration on clinical outcomes.
Materials and Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted on mechanically ventilated patients with suspected VAP in an ICU. Endotracheal tip cultures were collected for microbiological analysis, including Gram staining, culture, and antibiotic sensitivity testing. Demographic, clinical, and outcome data were recorded.
Results: The study included 50 patients with a mean age of 55 ± 12 years. The most common pathogens were Pseudomonas aeruginosa (32.1%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (25.0%), and Staphylococcus aureus (21.4%). Antibiotic resistance was observed for Ampicillin (80%), Ceftriaxone (80%), and Ciprofloxacin (80%). Gender-specific differences were found in comorbidity prevalence (e.g., hypertension: 53.6% in males, 45.5% in females) and antibiotic sensitivity (e.g., higher sensitivity to gentamicin and vancomycin among females). Clinical outcomes varied based on patient characteristics and mechanical ventilation duration (e.g., shorter ventilation durations had more diverse outcomes, while longer durations showed higher recovery rates).
Conclusion: This study highlights the prevalence of VAP and the challenges associated with antibiotic resistance in ICU patients. The findings underscore the importance of tailored antibiotic therapy and the need for ongoing surveillance to combat the spread of resistant pathogens. Further research is necessary to elucidate the complex factors influencing clinical outcomes and inform improved treatment strategies.
 

Keywords: Antibiotic sensitivity, Mechanical ventilation, Endotracheal intubation, Intensive care unit, Antibiotic resistance, Ventilator- associated pneumonia.

How to cite : Khanduja D, Arora A, Trivedi B, Srivastava A, Arora V, Prospective observational study on antibiotic sensitivity of endotracheal tip cultures in ICU patients. Indian J Clin Anaesth 2025;12(1):99-104

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