Correlation between presepsin, procalcitonin, and c-reactive protein levels with sequential organ failure assessment scores in sepsis patients at the intensive care unit: A prospective observational study

• Author Details:   
• Novita Anggraeni ^*
• Nopian Hidayat
• Ricko Yorinda Putra
• Dhita Natasha Dwiriyanti Hardi
• Fridayenti .

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Background: Sepsis is a life-threatening syndrome triggered by infection, frequently resulting in organ dysfunction and high mortality. Biomarkers such as presepsin, procalcitonin (PCT), and C-reactive protein (CRP) have emerged as valuable tools for early diagnosis and prognosis. This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between these biomarkers and the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score in ICU patients with sepsis.

Materials and Methods: This prospective observational study included 40 adult patients with sepsis admitted to the ICU from March 2024 to October 2024 in Indonesia. Serum levels of presepsin, procalcitonin, and CRP were measured daily from day 1 to day 3 of ICU admission. SOFA scores were recorded concurrently. Statistical analyses were performed to assess correlations between biomarker levels and SOFA scores.

Results: All three biomarkers showed significant positive correlations with SOFA scores during the observation period (p < 0.05). Among them, presepsin demonstrated the strongest correlation, particularly on day 1 (r = 0.951, p < 0.001), indicating a superior prognostic value in assessing sepsis severity and organ dysfunction.

Conclusion: Presepsin appears to be a more reliable early biomarker for sepsis severity compared to procalcitonin and CRP, showing strong correlation with SOFA scores. These findings support its potential use in clinical settings for early risk stratification of septic patients. Larger-scale studies are warranted to validate its utility across diverse healthcare settings in Indonesia.